| 1. | Productivity measuring one industry or area ' s operation of economy is a synthetic target , which can reflect the level of technical progress 、 technical efficiency 、 scale efficiency
生产率作为衡量一个行业或地区经济运行状况，是反映技术进步、技术效率、规模效率等方面水平的综合指标。 |
| 2. | It is divided into two parts . part one introduces the concept of efficiency of commercial bank and initiate it ’ s three types : scale efficiency , scope efficiency and x - efficiency
第一节对银行效率概念进行了界定,并参照已有文献对银行效率的分类:规模效率、范围效率和x -效率,作了简要概述。 |
| 3. | By means of the data envelope analysis method , this paper appraises and analyzes 15 listed tourism companies ' operation efficiency , pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency in 2005
论文中利用数据包络分析方法对我国15家旅游业上市公司2005年的运营效率、纯技术效率以及规模效率进行了评价和分析。 |
| 4. | At last , this paper utilized the improved dea model to make an overall analysis on the scale efficiency of chinese commercial banks from 1999 to 2001 . it concluded that the scope of scale on domestic commercial banks is large
指明我国商业银行的规模有效区间是一个较广的数域，只要在提高我国商业银行资产利用率和资产质量的基础上，我国商业银行在规模经济方面还存在较大的发展空间。 |
| 5. | The paper computers technical efficiency , pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the fourteen commercial banks in the three aspects above mentioned from 1995 to 2000 , and gives out the efficient banks of reference and proportion of the non - efficient banks
测算了1995到2000年十四家银行三个层面的技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率值，并给出了各非效率银行的效率参照银行和权重。 |
| 6. | The change of management form of present agricultural production and the promotion of the human capital level of agricultural labor force become the important way to enhance agriculture pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency to improve the technical efficiency
改变目前农业生产经营的形式与提升农业劳动力的人力资本水平成为提升农业纯技术效率和规模效率进而提高技术效率的重要途径。 |
| 7. | Chapter two " impacts of china ' s accession to wto on retail industry " analyzes : the influence of accession to wto on domestic retail industry ; pressure from international business capital due to its advantages of capital strength , scale and advanced business pattern ; competition pressure from low profit criterion of supermarket business ; pressure from the management advantage of international business groups . chapter three " development strategy for retail industry after china ' s accession to wto " studies the development strategy for china ' s retail industry after accession to wto : formulating relevant laws and policies for foreign capital introduction as soon as possible ( asap ) ; working out plans for establishment of large - scale supermarket network asap ; developing multiple business patterns with mainstay business as the focus ; developing chain store business to bring about scale efficiency ; accelerating of modern enterprise institutional reform ; promoting scientific management level of retail enterprises ; setting up scientific and overall marketing concept , further strengthening sense of market orientation ; attaching greater importance on resources of talented persons and commodities ; making full use of information technologies , implementing e - commerce mode in retail enterprises ; actively exploring northwest china and developing new market
文章第二章“中国加入wto对零售业的冲击”从中国零售业对外开放的历史入手，简要介绍了中国加入wto对国内零售业的影响，指出加入wto后，中国零售业可能面临以下几个方面的冲击：国际商业资本在资金、规模和业态的先进性上所带来的压力；规模扩张压力，即中国连锁超市受到了投资规模扩张的资金压力；超市行业低赢利水准的竞争压力；国际商业集团在管理上的优势对中国零售企业的压力；新的管理理念、服务方式进入所带来的冲击；现代商业观念的引进打破了中国商界固有的思维；国际经济一体化程度的提高不断促使中国零售业的绝对利润和相对利润下降；我国零售业网点的不足以及布局的不合理；零售业的信息革命所带来的观念冲击。 |
| 8. | If increasing the quality of assets , commercial banks have great potential development on bank scale economies . at the end of this paper , it put forward several solutions to improve the scale efficiency of domestic commercial banks . it also concluded that the revolution of property right is system guarantee , emerge is an effective approach , increasing technology and quality of assets is root route
在实证分析的基础上，研究了我国商业银行谋求规模经济的主要途径，指出：产权改革是我国商业提高规模经济效应的制度保障；购并是扩张规模的最快捷途径；提高技术效率、资源利用率和资产质量是解决我国商业银行规模经济问题的根本之路。 |
| 9. | We make comparative analysis of technical efficiency , pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency while choosing the year1997and 2000 as the model samples . and we also study the degree of the efficiency departure between banks through variance analysis while comparison of the efficiency is made between state - owned commercial banks and the newly founded banks chronologically
横向上重点选取1997年和2000年为典型样本点对各银行的技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率进行了比较分析；纵向上按时间顺序比较了国有银行和新兴银行的效率，并通过方差分析研究了银行间的效率偏离程度。 |
| 10. | We have estimated the technical efficiency of each bank in 1985 - 2001 , exploiting the two different approaches respectively , while the total loan , other investment and profit are specified as outputs , labor , net fixed asset and business expanse as inputs . then the technical efficiency is decomposed into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency
本文选用贷款、其它投资和利润作为产出指标，员工人数、固定资产净值和营业及管理费用作为投入指标，分别运用数据包络分析和随机前沿方法对1985 - 2001年我国主要的商业银行技术效率值进行估算，并将技术效率分解为纯技术效率和规模效率。 |
